Mathieu GAREL - Personal Home Page

Publications

Peer Reviewed Articles

91. Chauveau, V., Garel, M., Toïgo, C., Anderwald, P., Appollonio, M., Bassano, B., Beurier, M., Bouche, M., Brambilla, A., Brivio, F., Bunz, Y., Cagnacci, F., Canut, M., Cavailhes, J., Champly, I., Filli, F., Frey-Roos, A., Gressmann, G., Grignolio, S., Herfindal, I., Jurgeit, F., Martinelli, L., Maurino, L.,Papet, R., Petit, E., Ramanzin, M., Semenzato, P., Vannard, E., Coulon, A., Loison, A. & Marchand, P. 2025. Its time to go - Drivers and plasticity of migration phenology in a short-distance migratory ungulate. Journal of Animal Ecology, DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.70031  

90. Rosa, M., Serrano, E., Carvalho, J., Fernandez, N., Lopez-Olvera, J. R., Garel, M., Santos, J. P. V., Ramanzin, M., Anderwald, P., Freschi, P., Bartolomé, J., Lavin, S. & Albanell, E. 2025. Predicting fiber content in herbivore fecal samples using a multispecies NIRS model. PLOS ONE, 20, 1-17  

89. Beaumelle, C., Toïgo, C., Papet, R., Benabed, S., Beurier, M., Bordes, L., Brignone, A., Curt-Grand-Gaudin, N., Garel, M., Ginot, J., Jacquiet, P., Miquel, C., Poirel, M.-T., Serafino, A., Vannard, E., Bourgoin, G. & Yannic, G. 2024. Cross-transmission of resistant gastrointestinal nematodes between wildlife and transhumant sheep. Peer Community Journal, 4, e103.  

88. Kamal, A., Bonenfant, C., Gaillard, J.-M., Garel, M., Hewison, A.J.M., Marchand, P., Morellet, M. et al. 2024. Neonatal antipredator tactics shape female movement patterns in large herbivores. Nature Ecology & Evolution, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02565-8  

87. Prima, M.-C., Garel, M., Marchand, P., Redcliffe, J., Börger, L. & Barnier, F. 2024. Combined effects of landscape fragmentation and sampling frequency of movement data on the assessment of landscape connectivity. Movement Ecology, 12, 63  

86. Chauveau, V., Garel, M., Toïgo, C., Anderwald, P., Bunz, Y., Bouche, M., Cagnacci, F., Canut, M., Cavailhes, J., Champly, I., Filli, F., Frey-Roos, A., Gressmann, G., Herfindal, I., Jurgeit, F., Martinelli, L., Papet, R., Petit, E., Ramanzin, M., Semenzato, P., Vannard, E., Loison, A., Coulon, A. & Marchand, P. 2024. Identifying the environmental drivers of corridors and predicting connectivity between seasonal ranges in multiple populations of Alpine ibex (Capra ibex) as tools for conserving migration. Diversity and Distributions, e13894  

85. Habib, J., Zenner, L., Garel, M., Mercier, A., Poirel, M.-T., Itty, C., Appolinaire, J., Amblard, T., Benedetti, P., Sanchis, F., Benabed, S., Abi Rizk, G., Gibert, P. & Bourgoin, G. 2024. Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in ticks collected from the wild mountain ungulates mouflon and chamois in 4 regions of France. Parasite, 31, 21  

84. Thel, L., Garel, M., Marchand, P., Bourgoin, G. & Loison, A. 2024. Too hot or too disturbed? Temperatures more than hikers affect circadian activity of females in northern chamois. Animal Behaviour, 210, 347-367https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2024.01.010  

83. Rigoudy, N., Dussert, G., Benyoub, A., Besnard, A., Birck, C., Boyer, J., Bollet, Y., Bunz, Y., Caussimont, G., Chetouane, E., Chiffar Carriburu, J., Cornette, P., Delestrade, A., De Backer, N., Dispan, L., Le Barh, M., Duhayer, J.,Elder, J.-F., Fanjul, J.-B., Fonderflick, J., Froustey, N., Garel, M., Gaudry, W., Gérard, A., Gimenez, O., Hemery, A., Hemon, A., Jullien, J.-M., Knitter, D., Malafosse, I., Marginean, M., Ménard, L., Ouvrier, A., Pariset, G., Prunet, V., Rabault, J., Randon, M., Raulet, Y., Régnier, A., Ribière, R, Ricci, J.-C., Ruette, S., Schneylin, Y., Sentilles, J., Siefert, N., Smith, B., Terpereau, G., Touchet, P., Thuiller, W., Uzal, A., Vautrain, V., Vimal, R., Weber, J., Spataro, B., Miele, V. & Chamaillé-Jammes, S. 2023. The DeepFaune initiative: a collaborative effort towards the automatic identification of the French fauna in camera-trap images. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 69:113  

82. Courbin, N., Garel, M., Marchand, P., Duparc, A., Debeffe, L., Börger, L. & Loison, A. 2022. Interacting lethal and nonlethal human activities shape complex risk tolerance behaviors in a mountain herbivore. Ecological Applications, 32, e2640  

81. Carrier, B., Hamel, S., Garel, M. & Côté, S. 2022. Coping with seasonality: dynamics of adult body mass and survival in an alpine hibernator. Oikos, e09043  

80. Seigle-Ferrand, J., Marchand, P., Hewison, A.J.M., Gaillard, J.-M., Morellet, N., Saïd, S., Chaval, Y., Santacreu, H., Loison, A., Yannic, G. and Garel, M. 2022. On this side of the fence: Functional responses to linear landscape features shape the home range of large herbivores. Journal of Animal Ecology, 91, 443-457  

79. Portanier, E., Chevret, P., Gélin, P., Benedetti, P., Sanchis, F., Barbanera, F., Kaerle, C., Queney, G., Bourgoin, G., Devillard, S. & Garel, M. 2021. New insights into the past and recent evolutionary history of the Corsican mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon) to inform its conservation. Conservation Genetics, 10.1007/s10592-021-01399-2  

78. Pélabon, C., Côté, S., Festa-Bianchet, M., Gaillard, J.-M., Garel, M., Lemaître, J.-F., Loison, A., Tidière, M. and Toïgo, C. 2021. Effects of population density on static allometry between horn length and body mass in mountain ungulates. Oikos, 10.1111/oik.08726  

77. Wilson, R. P., Rose, A. R., Metcalfe, R. S., Holton, M. D., Redcliffe, J., Gunner, R., Börger, L., Loison, A., Jezek, M., Painter, M. S., Silovsky, V., Marks, N., Garel, M., Toïgo, C., Marchand, P., Bennett, N. C., McNarry, M. A., Mackintosh, K. A., Brown, M. R., Scantlebury, D. M. 2021. Path tortuosity changes the transport cost paradigm in terrestrial animals. Ecography, 44, 1-9  

76. Espunyes, J., Serrano, E., Chaves, S., Bartolomé, J., Menaut, P., Albanell, Marchand, P., Foulché, K. & Garel, M. 2021. Positive effect of spring advance on the diet quality of an alpine herbivore. Integrative Zoology, doi: 10.1111/1749-4877.12572  

75. Jarque-Bascuñana, L., Bartolomé, J., Serrano., E, Espunyes, J., Garel, M., Calleja Alarcón, J. A., López-Olvera, J. R. & Albanell, E. 2021. NIRS to predict diet composition of mountain ungulates. Animals, 11, 1449  

74. Hassler, A., Martin, J.E., Merceron, G., Garel, M. & Balter, V. 2021. Calcium isotopic variability of cervid bioapatite and implications for mammalian physiology and diet. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 573, 110418  

73. Bourgoin, G., Portanier, E., Poirel, M.-T., Itty, C., Duhayer, J., Benabed, S., Cockenpot, A., Callait-Cardinal, M.-P. & Garel, M. 2021. Reproductive females and young mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon x Ovis sp.) in poor body condition are the main spreaders of gastrointestinal parasites. Parasitology, 148, 809-818  

72. Marchand, P., Garel, M., Morellet, N., Benoit, L., Chaval, Y., Itty, C., Petit, E., Cargnelutti, B., Hewison, A.J.M. & Loison, A. 2021. A standardised biologging approach to infer parturition: an application in large herbivores across the hider-follower continuum. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, DOI: 10.1111/2041-210X.13584  

71. Munden, R., Börger, L., Wilson, R. P., Redcliffe, J., Brown, R., Garel, M. & Potts, J.R. 2021. Why did the animal turn? Time-varying step selection analysis for inference between observed turning points in high frequency data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.13574  

70. Seigle-Ferrand, J., Atmeh, K., Gaillard, J.-M., Ronget, V., Morellet, N., Garel, M., Loison, A. & Yannic, G. 2021. A systematic review of within-population variation in the sizes of home ranges across ungulates: what do we know after 50 years of telemetry studies?. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 8, 555429  

69. Malagnino, A, Marchand, P., Garel, M., Cargnelutti, B., Itty, C., Chaval, Y., Hewison, A. J. M., Loison, A. & Morellet, N. 2021. Do reproductive constraints or experience drive age-dependent space use in two large herbivores? Animal Behaviour, 172, 121-133  

68. Bourgoin, G., Laurent, A., Marchand, P., Duhayer, J., Poirel, M.-T., Michel, P., Itty, C. & Garel, M. 2021. Young and mature males have similar energy expenditure during the rut in a trophy hunted population of Mediterranean mouflon. Mammalian Biology, DOI 10.1007/s42991-020-00084-0  

67. Merceron, G., Berlioz, E., Vonhof, H., Green, D., Garel, M. & Tütken, T. 2020. Tooth tales told by dental diet proxies: An alpine community of sympatric ruminants as a model to decipher the ecology of fossil fauna. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 562, 110077  

66. Plante, S., Dussault, C., Richard, J. H., Garel, M. & Côté, S. 2020. Untangling the effects of human disturbance and natural factors on mortality risk of migratory caribou. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 8, 1-17  

65. Tidière, M., Gaillard, J.-M., Garel, M., Lemaitre, J.-F., Toïgo, C., Pélabon, C. 2020. Variation in the ontogenetic allometry of horn length in bovids along a body mass continuum. Ecology and Evolution, 10, 4104-4114  

64. Duparc, A., Garel, M., Marchand, P. Dubray, D., Jullien, J.-M., Amblard, T., Maillard, D. & Loison, A. 2020. Through the taste buds of a large herbivore: foodscape modeling contributes to an understanding of forage selection processes. Oikos, 129, 170-183  

63. Portanier, E., Garel, M., Devillard, S., Duhayer, J., Poirel, M.-T., Henri, H., Régis, C., Maillard, D., Redman, E., Itty, C., Michel, P. & Bourgoin, G. 2019. Does host socio-spatial behavior lead to fine-scale spatial genetic structure of its associated parasites? Parasite, 26, 64  

62. Duparc, A., Garel, M., Marchand, P. Dubray, D., Maillard, D. & Loison, A. 2019. Revisiting the functional response in habitat selection for large herbivores: a matter of spatial variation in resource distribution? Behavioral Ecology, 30, 1725-1733  

61. Péron, G. & Garel, M. 2019. Analyzing patterns in population dynamics using repeated population surveys with three types of detection data. Ecological Indicators, 106, 105546  

60. Akl, T. , Bourgoin, G., Souq, M.-L., Appolinaire, J., Poirel, M.-T., Gibert, P., Abi Rizk, G., Garel, M. & Zenner, L. 2019. Detection of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Questing Ixodes ricinus of the French Pyrenees and first identification of Rickettsia monacensis in France. Parasite, 26, 20  

59. Portanier, E., Garel, M., Devillard, S., Maillard, D., Poissant, J., Galan, M., Benabed, S., Poirel, M.-T., Duhayer, J., Itty, C., Bourgoin, G. 2019. Both candidate gene and neutral genetic diversity correlate with parasite resistance in female Mediterranean mouflon. BMC Ecology, 19, 1-14  

58.- Espunyes, J., Bartolomé, J., Garel, M., Gálvez-Cerón, A., Fernández-Aguilar, X., Colom-Cadena, A., Calleja, J. A., Gassó, D., Jarque, L., Lavín, S., Marco, I. and Serrano, E. 2019. Seasonal diet composition of Pyrenean chamois is mainly shaped by primary production waves. PLoS ONE, 14, 1-23  

57.- Munden, R., Börger, L., Wilson, R. P., Redcliffe, J., Loison, A., Garel, M. & Potts, J. R. 2018. Making sense of ultrahigh-resolution movement data: A new algorithm for inferring sites of interest. Ecology and Evolution, 9, 265-274  

56.- Lambert, S., Ezanno, P, Garel, M. and Gilot-Fromont, E. 2018. Demographic stochasticity drives epidemiological patterns in wildlife with implications for diseases and population management. Scientific Reports, 8, 16846  

55.- Portanier, E., Larroque, J., Garel, M., Marchand, P., Maillard, D., Bourgoin, G. & Devillard, S. 2018. Landscape genetics matches with behavioral ecology and brings new insight on the functional connectivity in Mediterranean mouflon. Landscape Ecology, 33, 1069-1085  

54.- Peron, G., Duparc, A., Garel, M., Marchand, P., Morellet, N., Said, S. & Loison, A. 2018. Circadian periodicity in space use by ungulates of temperate regions: how much, when, and why? Journal of Animal Ecology, 87, 1299-1308  

53.- Thuiller, W., Guéguen, M., Bison, M., Duparc, A., Garel, M., Loison, A., Renaud, J. & Poggiato, G. 2018. Combining point-process and landscape vegetation models to predict large herbivore distributions in space and time -- a case study of Rupicapra rupicapra. Diversity and Distributions, 24, 352-362  

52.- Bourgoin, G., Marchand, P., Hewison, A.J.M., Ruckstuhl, K.E. & Garel, M. Social behaviour as a predominant driver of sexual, age-dependent and reproductive segregation in Mediterranean mouflon. 2018. Animal Behaviour, 136, 87-100  

51.- Gilot-Fromont, E., Garel, M., Gibert, P., Lambert, S., Menaut, P., Bonetti, B., Game, Y., Reynaud, G. & Foulché, K. 2018. Self-clearance of pestivirus in a Pyrenean chamois population. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 54, 335-341  

50.- Portanier, E., Garel, M., Devillard, S., Marchand, P., Andru, J., Maillard, D. & Bourgoin, G. 2017. Introduction history overrides social factors in explaining genetic structure of females in Mediterranean mouflon. Ecology and Evolution, 7, 9580-9591  

49.- Villamuelas, M., Serrano, E., Fernandez, N., López-Olvera, J. R., Garel, M., Santos, J., Espunyes, J., Parra-Aguado, M. A., Ramanzin, M., Fernández-Aguilar, X., Colom-Cadena, A., Marco, I., Lavín, S., Bartolomé, J. & Albanell, E. 2017. Predicting herbivore faecal nitrogen using a multispecies near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy calibration. PLoS ONE, 12, e0176635  

48.- Richard, Q., Toïgo, C., Appolinaire, J., Loison, A., & Garel, M. 2017. From gestation to weaning: Combining robust design and multi-event models unveils cost of lactation in a large herbivore. Journal of Animal Ecology, 86, 1497-1509  

47.- Oliver-Guimera, A., Martinez-Carrasco, C., Tvarijonativiciute, A., Rocío Ruiz de Ybáñez, M., Martínez-Guijosa, J., Ramón López-Olvera, J., Fernández-Aguilar, X., Colom-Cadena, A., Mentaberre, G., Velarde-Nieto, R., Gassó-Garcia, D., Garel, M., Lavín, S., Rossi, L. & Serrano, E. 2017. The physiological cost of male-biased parasitism in a nearly monomorphic mammal. Parasite & Vectors, 10, 200  

46.- Marchand, P., Garel, M., Bourgoin, G., Duparc, A., Dubray, D., Maillard, D. & Loison, A. 2017. Combining familiarity and landscape features helps break down the barriers between movements and home ranges in a non-territorial large herbivore. Journal of Animal Ecology, 86, 371--383  

45.- Hamel, S., Gaillard, J.-M., Yoccoz, N.G., Albon, S., Côté, S.D., Craine, J. M., Festa-Bianchet, M., Garel, M., Lee, P., Moss, C., Nussey, D. H., Pelletier, F., Stien, A. & Tveraa, T. 2016. Cohort variation in individual body mass dissipates with age in large herbivores. Ecological Monographs, in press  

44.- Forsyth, D. M., Garel, M. & Mcleod, S. R. 2016. Estimating age and age class of harvested hog deer from eye lens mass using frequentist and Bayesian methods. Wildlife Biology, 22, 137-143  

43.- Kourkgy, C., Garel, M., Appolinaire, J., Loison, A. & Toïgo, C. 2016. Onset of autumn shapes the timing of birth in Pyrenean chamois more than onset of spring. Journal of Animal Ecology, 85, 581-590  

42.- Villamuelas, M., Fernández, N., Albanell, E., Gálvez-Cerón, A., Bartolomé, J., Mentaberre, G., López-Olvera, J. R., Fernández-Aguilar, X., Colom-Cadena, A., López-Martín, J. M., Garel, M., Marco, I. & Serrano, E. 2016. The Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) as a proxy for diet quality and composition in a mountain ungulate. Ecological Indicators, 61, 658-666  

41.- Serrano, E., Colom-Cadena, A., Gilot-Fromont, E., Garel, M., Cabezón, O., Velarde, R., Fernández-Sirera, L., Fernández-Aguilar, X., Rosell, R., Lavín, S. & Marco, I. 2015. Border Disease Virus: an exceptional driver of chamois populations among other threats. Frontiers in Microbiology, 6, 1307  

40.- Bleu, J., Herfindal, I., Loison, A., Kwak, A. M. G., Garel, M., Toïgo, C., Rempfler, T., Filli, F. & Sæther, B. E. S. 2015. Age-specific survival and annual variation in survival of female chamois differ between populations. Oecologia, 179, 1091-1098  

39.- Beaunée, G., Gilot-Fromont, E., Garel, M. & Ezanno, P. 2015. A novel epidemiological model to better understand and predict the observed seasonal spread of Pestivirus in Pyrenean chamois populations. Veterinary Research, 46, 86  

38.- Guerrini, M., Forcina, G., Panayides, R., Lorenzini, R., Garel, M., Anayiotos, P., Kassinis, N. & Barbanera, F. 2015. Molecular DNA identity of the mouflon of Cyprus (Ovis orientalis ophion, Bovidae): Near Eastern origin and divergence from Western Mediterranean conspecific populations. Systematics & Biodiversity, 13, 472-483,  

37.- Martínez-Guijosa, J., Martínez-Carrasco, C., López-Olvera, J. R., Fernández-Aguilar, X., Colom-Cadena, A., Cabezón, O., Mentaberre, G., Ferrer, D., Velarde, R., Gassó, D., Garel, M., Rossi, L., Lavín, S. & Serrano, E. 2015. Male-biased gastrointestinal parasitism in a monomorphic mountain ungulate. Parasites & Vectors, 8, 165, DOI 10.1186/s13071-015-0774-9  

36.- Gálvez-Cerón, A., Gassó, D., López-Olvera, J. R., Mentaberre, G., Bartolomé, J., Marco, I., Ferrer, D., Rossi, L., Garel, M., Lavín, S., Clauss, M. & Serrano, E. 2015. Gastrointestinal nematodes and dietary fibre: Two factors to consider when using FN for wildlife nutrition monitoring. Ecological Indicators, 52, 161-169  

35.- Marchand, P., Garel, M., Bourgoin, G., Dubray, D., Maillard, D. & Loison, A. 2015. Coupling scale-specific habitat selection and activity reveals sex-specific food/cover trade-offs in a large herbivore. Animal Behaviour, 102, 169-187  

34.- Marchand, P., Garel, M., Bourgoin, G., Dubray, D., Maillard, D. & Loison, A. 2015. Sex-specific adjustments in habitat selection contribute to buffer mouflon against summer conditions. Behavioral Ecology, 26, 472-482  

33.- Marchand, P., Garel, M., Bourgoin, G., Dubray, D., Maillard, D. & Loison, A. 2014. Impacts of tourism and hunting on a large herbivore's spatio-temporal behavior in and around a French protected area. Biological Conservation, 177, 1-11  

32.- Garel, M., Gaillard, J.-M., Delorme, D. & Van Laere, G. 2014. Eruption patterns of permanent front teeth as an indicator of performance in roe deer. Ecological Indicators, 45, 300-307  

31.- Marchand, P., Garel, M., Bourgoin, G., Michel, P., Maillard, D. & Loison, A. 2014. Habitat-related variation in carcass mass of a large herbivore revealed by combining hunting and GPS data. Journal of Wildlife Management, 78, 657-670  

30.- Darmon, G., Bourgoin, G., Marchand, P., Garel, M., Dubray, D., Jullien, J.-M. & Loison, A. 2014. Do ecologically close species shift their daily activities when in sympatry? A test on chamois in presence of mouflon. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 111, 621-626  

29.- Benoist, S. , Garel, M., Cugnasse, J.-M. & Blanchard, P. 2013. Human disturbances, habitat characteristics and social environment generate sex-specific responses in vigilance of Mediterranean mouflon. PLoS ONE, 8, e82960  

28.- Douhard, M. , Bonenfant, C., Gaillard, J.-M., Hamann, J.-L., Garel, M., Michallet, J. & Klein, F. 2013. Roaring counts are not suitable for the monitoring of red deer Cervus elaphus population abundance. Wildlife Biology, 19, 94-101  

27.- Marchand, P., Redjadj, C., Garel, M., Cugnasse, J.-M., Maillard, D. & Loison, A. 2013. Are mouflon Ovis gmelini musimon really grazers? A review of variations in diet composition. Mammal Review, 43, 275-291  

26.- Garel, M., Forsyth, D. M., Loison, A., Dubray, D., Jullien, J.-M., Tustin, K. G., Maillard, D. & Gaillard, J.-M. 2011. Age-related male reproductive effort in two mountain ungulates of contrasting sexual size dimorphism. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 89, 929-937  

25.- Bourgoin, G., Garel, M., Blanchard, P., Dubray, D., Maillard, D. & Gaillard, J.-M. 2011. Daily responses of mouflon activity to summer climatic conditions. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 89, 765-773  

24.- Garel, M., Gaillard, J.-M., Jullien, J.-M., Dubray, D., Maillard, D. & Loison, A. 2011. Population abundance and early spring conditions determine variation in body mass of juvenile chamois. Journal of Mammalogy, 95, 1112-1117  

23.- Cazau, M., Garel, M. & Maillard, D. 2011. Responses of heather moorland and mediterranean mouflon foraging to prescribed-burning and cutting. Journal of Wildlife Management, 75, 967-972  

22.- Hibert, F., Maillard, D., Fritz, H., Garel, M., Abdou, H. N. & Winterton, P. 2010. Ageing of ungulate pellets in semi-arid landscapes: how the shade of colour can refine pellet-group counts. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 57, 495-503  

21.- Garel, M., Gaillard, J.-M., Chevrier, T., Michallet, J., Delorme, D. & Van Laere, G. 2010. Testing reliability of body size measurements using hind foot length in roe deer. Journal of Wildlife Management, 74, 1382-1386  

20.- Garel, M., Bonenfant, C., Hamann, J.-L., Klein, F. & Gaillard, J.-M. 2010. Are abundance indices derived from spotlight counts reliable to monitor red deer Cervus elaphus populations? Wildlife Biology, 16, 77-84  

19.- Bourgoin, G., Garel, M., Dubray, D., Maillard, D., & Gaillard, J.-M. 2009. What determines global positioning system fix success when monitoring free-ranging mouflon? European Journal of Wildlife Research, 55, 603-613  

18.- Hamel, S., Garel, M., Festa-Bianchet, M., Gaillard, J.-M. & Côté, S. D. 2009. Spring NDVI correlates with fecal crude protein in mountain ungulates. Journal of Applied Ecology, 46, 582-589  

17.- Santin-Janin, H., Garel, M., Chapuis, J.-L. & Pontier, D. 2009. Assessing the performance of NDVI as a proxy for plant biomass using non-linear models: a case study on the Kerguelen archipelago. Polar Biology, 32, 861-871  

16.- Bonenfant, C., Gaillard, J.-M., Coulson, T. H., Festa-Bianchet, M., Loison, A., Garel, M., Loe, L. E., Blanchard, P., Pettorelli, N., Owen-Smith, N., Du Toit, J. & Duncan, P. 2009. Empirical evidences of density-dependence in populations of large herbivores. Advances in Ecological Research, 41, 313-357  

15.- Garel, M., Loison, A., Jullien, J.-M., Dubray, D., Maillard, D. & Gaillard J.-M. 2009. Sex-specific growth in alpine chamois. Journal of Mammalogy, 90, 954-960  

14.- Garel, M., Solberg, E. J., Sæther, B.-E., Grotan, V., Tufto, J. & Heim M. 2009. Age, size and spatio-temporal variation in ovulation patterns of a seasonal breeder, the Norwegian moose (Alces alces). American Naturalist, 173, 89-104  

13.- Bonenfant, C., Pelletier, F., Garel, M. & Bergeron, P. 2009. Age-dependent relationship between horn growth and survival in wild sheep. Journal of Animal Ecology, 78, 161-171  

12.- Bourgoin, G., Garel, M., Van Moorter, B., Dubray, D., Maillard, D., Marty, E. & Gaillard, J.-M. 2008. Determinants of seasonal variation in activity patterns of mouflon. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 86, 1410-1418  

11.- Solberg, E. J., Garel, M., Heim, M., Grotan, V. & Sæther, B.-E. 2008. Lack of compensatory body growth in a high performance moose Alces alces population. Oecologia, 158, 485-498  

10.- Solberg, E., Heim, M., Grotan, V., Sæther, B.-E. & Garel, M. 2007. Annual variation in maternal age and calving date generates cohort effects in moose (Alces alces) body mass. Oecologia, 154, 259-271  

9.- Garel, M., Cugnasse, J.-M., Maillard, D., Gaillard, J.-M, Hewison, A.J.M. & Dubray, D. 2007. Selective harvesting and habitat loss produce long-term life-history changes in a mouflon population. Ecological Applications, 17, 1607-1618  

8.- Garel, M., Cugnasse, J.-M., Hewison, A. J. M. & Maillard, D. 2006. Errors in age determination of mouflon in the field. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 34, 300-306  

7.- Cugnasse, J.-M. & Garel, M. 2006. Capturer les jeunes ongulés à l'aide d'un rapace : un test de faisabilité chez le mouflon. Mammalia, 70, 313-314  

6.- Garel, M., Solberg, E. J., Sæther, B.-E., Herfindal, I. & Hogda, K.-A. 2006. The length of growing season and adult sex-ratio shape sexual size dimorphism in moose. Ecology, 87, 745-758  

5.- Garel, M., Cugnasse, J.-M., Gaillard, J.-M., Loison, A., Gibert, P., Douvre, P. & Dubray, D. 2005. Reproductive output of female mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon x Ovis sp.) : a comparative analysis. Journal of Zoology, 266, 65-71  

4.- Garel, M., Cugnasse, J.-M., Gaillard, J.-M., Loison, A., Santosa, Y. & Maublanc, M.-L. 2005. Effect of observer experience on the monitoring of a mouflon population. Acta Theriologica, 50, 109-114  

3.- Garel, M., Cugnasse, J.-M., Loison, A., Gaillard, J.-M., Vuiton, C. & Maillard, D. 2005. Monitoring the abundance of mouflon in south France. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 51, 69-76  

2.- Garel, M., Cugnasse, J.-M. & Maillard, D. 2005. Reliability of mouflon aging using morphological characteristics from observations in the field. Wildlife Biology, 11, 229-236  

1.- Garel, M., Loison, A., Gaillard, J.-M., Cugnasse, J.-M. & Maillard, D. 2004. The effects of a severe drought on mouflon lamb survival. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Biological Sciences (Suppl.), 271, S471-S473  

Thesis

Garel, M. 2006. Conséquences de la chasse et des contraintes environnementales sur la démographie des populations d'ongulés. L'exemple du mouflon méditerranéen (Ovis gmelini musimon x Ovis sp.) en France et de l'élan (Alces alces) en Norvège.  

Several vertebrate populations have to face indirect and direct human pressures. Our aim here is to show how these pressures influence ungulate population dynamics beyond environmental factors commonly accounted for, such as habitat quality or climate. We present two case studies : Mediterranean mouflon (Ovis gmelini musimon x Ovis sp.) in France and moose (Alces alces) in Norway. We analyzed a long term study (30 years) of a mouflon population located in southern France (Hérault). Our study on moose was based on a transversal and comparative analysis of several populations inhabiting contrasted environments in Norway along a latitudinal gradient.

Our study on mouflon highlighted the advantages and limits of commonly used survey methods for ungulate population monitoring. We then showed that the dynamics of this population was influenced by (1) habitat closure, resulting from the reduction of pastoral activity, leading to the use of sub-optimal resources by mouflon, (2) selective hunting on trophy males, (3) the recent history of mouflon from which our population originated, (4) summer drought. These processes influence the dynamics of the mouflon through (1) a decrease in phenotypic quality as measured by body mass and trophy size (processes 1 and 2), (2) variation in reproductive output of females (processes 3 and 4), (3) and variation in lamb summer survival (process 4).

In moose, we showed that sexual size dimorphism (SSD) increases with increasing environmental seasonality, probably caused by higher resource quality when the growing season was short and intense. Selective hunting against males also shapes SSD by de- creasing the proportion of adult males in the population. A low proportion of adult males could lead to a higher proportion of young males involved in reproduction, which in turn may have a negative impact on their body growth.

Based on two cases studies at different spatial scales, our results highlighted the ex- istence of specific biological characteristics in harvested populations. In addition to the environmental constraints under which these populations evolve, we demonstrated that man can have a strong impact on their demography.